武汉大学考博英语历年真题详解

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2002年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解

Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension（30%）

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements .For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous disease. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining disease. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of them, women and children on the roads Man versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind steering wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.

The surprising thing is that the society smiles so gently on the motorist and seems to forgive his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten. It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made for more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three YEARS or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings not for motor-cars.

1. The main idea of this passage is _____.

A. traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists

B. thousands of people the world over are killed each year

C. the laws of some countries about driving are too lax

D. only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents

2. What does the author think of society toward motorists?

A. Society criticizes the motorists severely.

B. Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.

C. Society overlooks their rude driving.

D. Victims of accidents are nothing.

3. Why does the author say: “his car becomes the extension of his personality”?

A. Driving can show his real self.

B. Driving can show the other part of his personality.

C. Driving can bring out his character.

D. His car embodies his temper.

4. Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?

A. Build more highways.

B. Stricter driving tests.

C. Test drivers every three years.

D. Raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.

5. The attitude of the author is _____.

A. ironical

B. critical

C. appealing

D. militant

【答案与解析】

1.D  全文主要讲述交通事故频频发生，而且一些国家的法律极为松弛，要想减少无谓的伤亡，必须制定法规，文章指出it is high time a world code were created，所以D项符合文意。

2.C  第二段第一句提到society smiles so gently on the motorist，并没有对他们粗鲁的行为表示批评并且seems to forgive his convenience，C项正确。

3.A  由第一段内容可知，司机在开车时将一切隐藏的情绪都发泄了出来，与平时判若两人，即驾车可以表现真实的自我，A项最为概括。

4.A  第二段中，The driving test should be made far more difficult than it is表明B项，all the drivers should be made to take a test every three是C项提到的措施，D项“提高年龄限制和制定安全法规”在文中可以找出相应内容。A项文中没有提到。

5.B  根据第二段第一句中的surprising和后面作者连用六个should ...，可见作者认为现行的交通法则太松，对此持反对、批评的态度，因此B项正确。ironical讽刺的。appealing恳求的。militant好战的。

【题海拾贝】

1. expectation of life 平均余年(某一年龄的人尚可期望活的平均年数，可由统计资料显示)

2. marvelous 不可思议的；惊奇的；奇妙的

It’s marvelous how he’s manages to climb that far.他怎么爬得那么远，真不可思议。

3. immunize 使免除；使免疫

Vaccination immunizes one against smallpox.接种牛痘能使人免患天花。

4. desecrate  亵渎（圣物或圣地）

desecrate a grave, chapel, monument 亵渎坟墓、小教堂、纪念碑