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胡壮麟语言学教程第五版第七章_语言学教程第五版胡壮麟pdf

第1章语言学导论
Arbitrariness (任意性)
It is the core feature of language,which refers to the fact that there is no intrinsic connectionbetween the forms of linguistic signs and their meaning.Arbitrariness exists in the relationshipbetween a particular sound and the meaning it is associated with. But it is not entirely arbitrary atall levels. Some words,such as the ones created in the imitation of sounds by sounds are motivatedin a certain degree.
任意性是语言的核心特征,是指语言符号的形式与所表示的意义没有天然的联系。符号的声音与意义之间存在任意性。虽然语言从本质上讲是任意的,但也不是完全任意的。一些词语,例如一些拟声词的发音与其意义还是有一定联系的。


查看完整版:  胡壮麟《语言学教程》第五版重点知识点及历年真题答案


第1章语言学导论
Emotive function(感情功能)
The emotional function of language plays a key role in changing the audience's attitude towards oragainst someone or something.Therefore, it can be regarded as one of the most useful functions oflanguage.
语言的感情功能在改变听者赞成或反对某人、某物的态度上作用非常关键因此,它是语言最有用的功能之一。

lSome sentences do not describe things. They cannot be said to be true or false. The utteranceof these sentences is or is a part of the doing of an action.They are called____.[大连外国语学院2008研]
【答案】 performative
【解析】施为句是用来做事的,既不陈述事实,也不描述情况,且不能验证其真假。

语言学教程 胡壮麟第五版_胡壮麟语言学教程第五版思维导图


查看完整版:  胡壮麟《语言学教程》第五版重点知识点及历年真题答案





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