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本书收录了2005~2016年(2007、2012年除外)的考博真题,并提供全部试题的参考答案及详解。本书中的解题思路清晰、答案翔实,帮助广大考生在熟练掌握知识点的同时,能够熟练运用各种题型的答题技巧,以提高应试技巧,把握答题节奏,增强自信心,提高考试分数。


2005年四川大学考博英语真题及详解

.  Reading Comprehension (30%, 1 mark each)

Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar to ours.

You may have noticed how people who live or work closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy those we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admiring fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employee finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging a pen between his fingers while thinking. In every case, the influential person may not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in its presence. And if he does notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people: they are drawn to him.

Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without being aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical mirroring.

The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer’s movements, tilting her head in the same way to judge a color match, or folding her arms a few seconds after the customer, as though consciously attracted by her. The customer feels that the saleswoman is in sympathy with her, and understands her needs—a promising relationship for a sale to take place. The clever lawyer, trying in a law-court to influence a judge, imitates the great man’s shrugging of his shoulders, the tone of his voice and the rhythm of his speech.

Of course, physical mirroring must be subtle. If you blink every time your target blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring has become mockery and you can expect trouble. So, if you can’t model sympathetically, don’t play the game.

1. According to the passage, “physical mirroring” (Pare. 3) means ______.

A. the comfortable feeling about people with physical qualities similar to ours

B. the imitation of the gestures or movements of those we are close to, or love, or admire

C. the attraction to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own

D. the fact that people living or working closely together behave in a similar way

2. Physical mirroring can cause trouble if ______.

A. the mirroring has become mockery

B. the person mirrored finds that people are drawn to him

C. the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does

D. it has been found to be deliberately used

3. According to the author, which of the following is not a deliberate use of physical mirroring?

A. A saleswoman tilts her head after her customer to judge a color match.

B. A lawyer emulates the tone of the judge’s voice and the rhythm of his speech.

C. A naughty boy blinks every time the teacher blinks.

D. Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends all their lives.

4. Which of the following is true?

A. The lawyer who imitates the judge is trying to influence him.

B. The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer’s movements because she is unconsciously attracted by her.

C. Physical mirroring is always flattering to those who are imitated.

D. Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances because they want to win their affection and respect in this way.

5. The paragraph following this passage will most probably move on to ______.

A. the importance of physical mirroring in daily life

B. the troubles caused by the deliberate use of physical mirroring

C. an explanation of physical mirroring by a behavioral scientist

D. some ways to prevent physical mirroring from offending

【答案与解析】

1.B  作者在第三段给出physical mirroring这一概念后紧接着在第四段就举了clever saleswoman和clever lawyer的例子对观点进行论述,从例子中可以看出选项B正确。

2.A  根据最后一段if you blink ... your mirroring has become mockery and you can expect

trouble,可知当模仿变成嘲笑时就会造成麻烦。所以答案为选项A。

3.D  根据第二段sensitive people have …without being aware of their methods,可知他们进行的是一种无意识模仿,而不是deliberate use。

4.C  从第二段的he will feel comfortable in its presence, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people等处可以推断physical mirroring是会使那些被模仿的人感到高兴的。

5.D  作者在最后一段指出Of course, physical mirroring must be subtle和so, if you can’t model sympathetically, don’t play the game,按逻辑发展接下来可能会介绍防止physical mirroring引起不悦的方法。


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