《新编英语教程（第3版）学习指南》按照原教材的课次进行编写，每单元涉及单元语法、词汇短语、参考译文、课文精解以及练习答案等内容，旨在帮助学生更好、更高效地学习和掌握教材中的重点及难点知识，具有很强的针对性和实用性。

在编写过程中，该书力求突出重点，答疑难点，语言言简意赅，讲解深入浅出，希望它能得到广大英语专业学生和英语自学者的喜爱和认可。

Unit 1

一、词汇短语

Text I

1clumsy [5klQmzi] adj. moving or doing things in a very awkward way 笨拙的，拙劣的：I spilt your coffee. Sorry—that was clumsy of me. 我把你的咖啡弄洒了。对不起，我太笨了。

2hammer   [5hAmE] v. 敲打 n. a tool that consists of a heavy piece of metal at the end of a handle 锤子：To avoid damaging the tree, hammer a wooden peg into the hole. 为了避免毁坏这棵树，把一只木钉敲进那个洞里。

3deft [deft] adj. skilful and often quick灵巧的，敏捷熟练的：With a deft flick of his wrist, he extinguished the match. 他的手腕灵巧地一抖，就熄灭了火柴。【扩展】近义词：dexterous 灵巧的，熟练的

4squarely [‘skwɛrli] adv. directly or in the middle, rather than indirectly or at an angle 正好、正中地：I kept the gun aimed squarely at his eyes. 我一直把枪直直瞄准他的眼睛。

5apt [Apt] adj. exactly suitable适当的，恰当的：The words of this report are as apt today as in 1929. 这份报告的措辞在当今如在1929年一样恰当。

6scrupulous [5skru:pjulEs] adj. correct even in the smallest detail；exact严格认真的，审慎的 ：You’re being very scrupulous, but to what end? 你表现得很认真，但目的是什么呢？

7subtle [5sQtl] adj. not very noticeable or obvious 细致的，微妙的，不易察觉的：The truth is subtly different. 事实略有不同。

8shade [Feid ] n. a slight difference in degree轻微的区别；不同的程度

9chap [tFAp] n. a man or boy家伙：“I am a very lucky chap,” he commented. “The doctors were surprised that I was not paralyzed.”“我是个非常幸运的家伙”，他解释说，“医生们都很惊奇我没有瘫痪。”

10constitute [5kCnstitju:t] v. to form or make up构成，组成： China’s ethnic minorities constitute less than 7 percent of its total population. 中国的少数民族构成总人口的不到7%。

11ultimately [5QltimEtli] adv. in the end；after everything or everyone else has been taken in to account 最终地，最后地：Whatever the scientists ultimately conclude, all of their data will immediately e disputed. 无论科学家们最终得出什么结论，他们的所有数据将随即受到质疑。

12kinship [5kinFip] n. a) the fact of being related in a family 亲属 the ties of kinship 家庭纽带；b) a feeling of being close to somebody because you have similar origins or attitudes 亲切感：We tend to feel kinship with those who share the same values. 我们更倾向于和有相同价值观的人表现亲切感。【扩展】近义词：affinity n. 密切关系

13substitute [5sQbstitju:t] n. a person or thing acting or used in place of another替代者，替代物：Paul’s father only saw him as a substitute for his dead brother. 保罗的父亲只把他当作逝世的哥哥的替身。

14cowardice [5kaJEdis] n. lack of courage怯懦，胆小：His girlfriend is disgusted at his cowardice. 他的女友讨厌他的懦弱。【扩展】同根词：coward n. 懦弱的人

15rife [raif] adj. widespread 普遍的；充满…的，流行的：The streets were rife with rumors of the President’s resignation. 大街小巷都充斥着总统辞职的谣传。

16manliness [5mAnlinis] n. qualities typical of or suitable to a man刚毅，男子气

17singularity [7sin^ju5lAriti] n. strangeness奇特，特性，非凡：One cannot fail to be struck by the singularity of his sculptures. 没有人不为他的雕塑的魅力所折服。

18malapropism [5mAlE5prCpizEm] n. an often amusing misuse of a word, such that the word incorrectly used sounds similar to the intended word but means something quite different词语误用

19oddity [5Cditi] n. strangeness; a strange or unusual person, thing, etc. 古怪，怪癖的人或事：I was puzzled by the oddity of her behavior. 她行为古怪我感到莫名其妙。【扩展】同根词：odd adj. 古怪的，奇怪的

20leader [5li:dE] n. an article in a newspaper giving the papers opinion on a matter, rather than reporting information 社论

21coercion [kEu5E:FEn] n. the act of making(an unwilling person or group) do something by force, threats, etc. or fact of being made to do something by force强迫，威压，高压政治：He paid the money under coercion. 他被迫付了钱。

22epitomize [i5pitEmaiz] v. be typical of; serve as the typical example of成……的缩影，是……的典型范例： A fascinating part of this tremendous societal change is the people who epitomize it. 这个巨大的社会变化中的一个迷人的部分，是那些有代表性的人们。

23distill [di5stil] v. to take and separate the most important parts of(a book，a subject，etc. )提炼，吸取……的精华：The notes I made on my travels were distilled into a book. 我对旅游的注释来自于一本书。

24indigent [5indidVEnt] adj. poor, lacking money and goods贫穷的，贫困的： How do you know when someone is indigent? 不过，你怎么知道谁是穷人呢？

25equivalent [i5kwivElEnt] n. If one amount or value is the equivalent of another, they are the same 对等物，同等物 【扩展】同根词：equivalence n. 等值，等效

26patrol [pE5trEul] v. to go at regular times round (an area，building，etc.)to see that there is no trouble，that no one is trying to get in or out illegally…巡逻，巡查 【扩展】形近词：petrol n. 汽油

27tread [tred] v. to walk along, follow; step踩，踏：tread sth. 踩碎

28strut [strQt] v. to walk proudly and stiffly, with the chest pushed forwards and trying to look important高视阔步，大摇大摆地走： He struts around town like he owns the place. 他在城里趾高气扬地走着，好像他拥有着这地方似的。

29stroll [strEul] v. to walk a short distance slowly or lazily for pleasure漫步，闲逛： After dinner, I strolled around the city. 晚饭后，我绕着城溜达了一圈。

30sidle [5saidl] v. to move uncertainly or secretively, as if ready to turn and go the other way(秘密地或羞怯地)侧身而行：He sidled into the room. 他侧身溜进房间。

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