胡壮麟语言学教程大学课后答案和考研重点
查看完整版:胡壮麟《语言学教程》(第5版)课后答案及考研真题下载第1章语言学导论
The bow-wow theory(“汪汪”理论)
Language was an imitation of natural sounds,such as the cries of animals, like quack, cuckoo.
语言是模仿自然的声音,例如动物的叫声,如(鸭子)的刮刮声,嘎嘎声,布谷鸟的叫声。
3The pooh-pooh theory(“噗噗”理论)
Language arose from instinctive emotional sounds,such as the expression of pain, anger or joy.
语言来源于人本能的情感声音,表达疼痛、愤怒或喜悦。
.语言学 Linguistics
Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
普通语言学 General Linguistics
The study of language as a whole is often called General linguistics.
语言 language
Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. 语言是人类用来交际的任意性的有声符号体系。
What is a syntactic category?
【答案】 A syntactic category is a set of words and/or phrases in a language which share a significant number of common characteristics. The classification is based on similar structure and sameness of distribution (the structural relationships between these elements and other items in a larger grammatical structure ) , and not on meaning. There are major and minor syntactic categories : major categories include all phrasal syntactic categories such as NP , VP , and PP , and word-level syntactic categories that serve as heads of phrasal syntactic categories such as N and V ; while minor categories are categories that do not project to a phrasal level such as the Yes-No question markers. More specifically , a syntactic category also refers to the defining properties of these general units : the categories of the noun , for example , include number , gender and case ; and the categories of the verb , for example , include tense , aspect and voice , etc.
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